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The presence of convulsions in a pregnant woman is indicative of eclampsia. Eclampsia is a severe complication associated with pregnancy, characterized by the onset of seizures in a woman who has been diagnosed with preeclampsia, which involves high blood pressure and potential damage to other organ systems.

Eclampsia signifies a more serious progression from preeclampsia, and the seizures can pose significant risks not only to the mother but also to the fetus. Understanding that convulsions are a defining symptom of eclampsia helps distinguish it from other conditions affecting pregnant women. For instance, gestational diabetes primarily involves abnormalities in glucose metabolism and does not present with seizures. Similarly, hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by severe nausea and vomiting rather than convulsions. Therefore, when convulsions occur in a pregnant woman, the diagnosis of eclampsia should be considered immediately to ensure appropriate medical intervention and management.